3．重点语音现象——浊化&吞音&连读
（1）浊化
浊化指的是当清辅音前面遇到[s]音，后面的清辅音会读成相应的浊辅音。
S后边的清辅音要浊化
爆破音中的清辅音有如下几个： [p][t] [k]。
浊化后，分别发成： [b] [d] [ɡ]。
[tr] 浊化以后对应的是[dr]。
1）（sp)speak, space, speed, sport, spring, spare
2）（st) step, style, student, steam, steal, stand, steel, stem
3）（sk) sky, scale, ski, skin, school, skirt, skate, skill
4）否定前缀+以上三种情况组合:instinct, inspect, instruct, inspire, install, perspective
如果[t]的前后都是元音时，[t]被浊化成[d]
letter— ['ledə]
later— ['leidə]
（2）吞音
吞音是指两个相邻的词连读，在某种情况下有些音省掉不发。
当[t]或[d]夹在两个辅音中间时，[t]和[d]不用发音
postman—posman
两个单词连接时也是同样。
next week—nex week，worst situation—wors situation
如果前一个单词以某个辅音结尾，后一单词是相同或者相似的辅音（所谓相似，例如[f]和[v]开头），此辅音只用发一次就可以了
a lot to do
what to do
I've finished it—I finished it.
She's slept for four hours. —She slept for four hours.
以 [d] [t] [k] [ɡ] [b] [p] 为结尾的单词后接辅音时, 吞 [d] 等音
My dad bought me a book.
以 [d] [t] [k] [ɡ] [b] [p] 作句子结尾时, 也吞音
Oh my god.
It is a good job.
The thing is not bad.
（3）连读
在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中，如果相邻的两个词中前者以辅音结尾，后者以元音音素开头，就要自然地将辅音和元音相拼，构成一个音节。
“辅音+元音”型连读
在同一个意群里，如果相邻的两个词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。
I'm ~an ~English boy.
Let me have ~a look ~at~it.
Put~it~on, please.
Please pick ~it ~up.
“r/re +元音”型连读
如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或者re不但要发[r]，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。
There're my father~and mother.
I looked for ~it here ~and there.
There ~is a football under ~ it.
There ~are some books on the desk.
Here ~is a letter for you.
But where ~is my cup?
Where ~are your brother ~and sister?
“辅音+半元音”型连读
英语语音中的[y]和[w]是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个是以半元音，特别是[y]开头，此时要连读。
Thank~you.
Nice to meet~you.
Would~you like ~a cup~of tea?
Could~you help me, please?
*这里有一个“音的同化”，常常把[d]+[y]读成[dv]。